PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.